Elementary Calculation The deliberate process known as calculation transforms one or more data sets into one or more results, with variable change. In the beginning, calculation was a simple arithmetical process. Early calculation used small stones as counters. Simply by adding or removing the appropriate number of stones, one could easily...   Read more »

Mental Calculation…In the Beginning Mental calculation is defined as arithmetical calculations solved using only the human brain. Mental calculation, in fact, is one of the earliest forms of problem solving. In the “good old days,” mental calculation began with memorization. Those of a certain age vividly remember flash cards as...   Read more »